Survey Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Baghdad
Main Article Content
Abstract
The research included an epidemiological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Baghdad for two years (2019 and 2020). Data were collected from the Iraqi Ministry of Health in Baghdad public health departments for Al-Karkh and Al-Rusafa districts. The results of the positive examinations for cutaneous leishmaniasis for the two years mentioned came with 54 infections in Al-Rusafa district and 80 infections in Al-Karkh district for the year 2019, while in 2020, the infections in Al-Rusafa district were 201 infections and 152 infections in Al-Karkh district. The data were divided in terms of gender into males and females, so the percentage for the year (2019) was 15% for males and 12% for females, and in (2020) 44% for males and 29% for females. Data were divided according to their age received from their sources. On their basis, they were divided into seven groups and according to years; they are as the following: [(1-9) 5.13% for the year 2019 and 16.63% for the year 2020,(10-19) 4.31% for the year 2019 and 11.09% for the year 2020,(20- 29) 6.77% for the year 2019 and 10.88% for the year 2020, (30-39) 5.13% for the year 2019 and 11.70% for the year 2020,(40-49) 2.05% for 2019 and 9.45% for 2020,(50-59) 2.05% for the year 2019 and 7.8% for the year 2020,(59+) 2.05% for 2019 and 4.93% for 2020].
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
licenseTerms
Publication Dates
References
Alvar, J.; Yactayo, S.; Bern, C. Leishmaniasis and poverty. Trends Parasitol., 2006, 22, 12, 552-557.
Hotez, P.J.; Remme, J.H.; Buss, P.; Alleyne, G.; Morel, C.; Breman, J.G. Combating tropical infectious diseases: report of the Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries Project. Clin Infect Dis. 2004, 38, 6, 871-8.
Hailu, A.; Dagne, D.A.; M. Boelaert. Leishmaniasis, in Neglected Tropical Diseases-Sub-Saharan Africa. 2016, Springer, 87-112.
Inbar, E.; Hughitt, V.K.; Dillon, L.A.; Ghosh, K.; El-Sayed, N.M.; Sacks, D.L. The Transcriptome of Leishmania major Developmental Stages in Their Natural Sand Fly Vector. mBio, 2017, 8, 2, e00029-17.
Alvar, J.; Vélez, I.D.; Bern, C.; Herrero, M.; Desjeux, P.; Cano, J.; Jannin, J.; den Boer, M. WHO Leishmaniasis Control Team. Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence. PLoS One. 2012, 7, 5, e35671.
Jacobson, R.L., Leishmaniasis in an era of conflict in the Middle East. Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis., 2011, 11, 3, 247-258.
AlSamarai, A.M. and H.S. AlObaidi, Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iraq. J. Infect. Develop. Count., 2009, 3, 02, 123-129.
Shahatha, S.S. and Saleh, T.A. An Epidemiological, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Study of the Leishmania tropica Parasite in Iraq’s Anbar Province. Baghdad Sci. J., 2018. 15(4).
Al-Mafraji, K.H.; Al-Rubaey, M.G.; Alkaisy, K.K. Clinco-Epidemiological Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital. Irq. J. Commun. Med., 2008, 21, 3.
Sukkar, F. Some epidemiological information from annual report on kala azar in Iraq during 1974. Bulletin Endemic Dis., 1976, 17, 1/4, 119-125.
Al-Alousi, T., Latif, B.; Al-Shenawi, F. Detection of antibodies to leishmaniasis in dried blood on filter paper by the indirect fluorescent antibody test. Ann. Trop.Med. Parasitol., 1980. 74, 5, 503-506.
Al-Warid, H.S.; Al-Saqur, I.M.; Al-Tuwaijari, S.B.; Al-Zadawi, K.A.M. The distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iraq: demographic and climate aspects. Asian Biomed., 2017, 11, 3, 255-260.
WHO, Control of Leishmaniasis. 2009.
Roberts, C.W.; Walker, W.; Alexander, J. Sex-associated hormones and immunity to protozoan parasites. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 2001, 14, 3, 476-488.
Mendonça, S.C., Differences in immune responses against Leishmania induced by infection and by immunization with killed parasite antigen: implications for vaccine discovery. Paras. Vect., 2016, 9, 1, 1-9.
Karami, M.; Doudi, M.; Setorki, M. Assessing epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Isfahan, Iran. J. Vector Borne Dis., 2013. 50,1, 30.