Study the Effect of Manganese Ion Doping on the Size- Strain of SnO2 nanoparticles Using X-Ray Diffraction Data

Authors

Tagreed M. Al-Saadi Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science Ibn-AL-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Zahraa A. Kamil Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science Ibn-AL-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30526/36.3.3052

Keywords:

SnO2, Williamson-Hall, X-ray diffraction, Nanoparticles, Structural Properties

Abstract

In this study, SnO₂ nanoparticles were prepared from cost-low tin chloride (SnCl₂.2H₂O) and ethanol by adding ammonia solution by the sol-gel method, which is one of the lowest-cost and simplest techniques. The SnO₂ nanoparticles were dried in a drying oven at a temperature of 70°C for 7 hours. After that, it burned in an oven at a temperature of 200°C for 24 hours. The structure, material, morphological, and optical properties of the synthesized SnO₂ in nanoparticle sizes are studied utilizing X-ray diffraction. The Scherrer expression was used to compute nanoparticle sizes according to X-ray diffraction, and the results needed to be scrutinized more closely. The micro-strain indicates the broadening of diffraction peaks for nanoparticles that are not ideal crystals. The extra broadening of the diffraction peak may lead to a miscalculation of the nanoparticle size. We use the Williamson-Hall method to directly compute and discuss the particle size and micro-strain of SnO₂ nanoparticles and compare them with results obtained using the Scherrer method. In conclusion, the straight line has been derived due to Williamson–Hall methods demonstrating the nanoparticles' uniformity.

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