The Effect of Partial Substitution of Ge-S-Cd Alloys on the Density of Energy States

Authors

Zainab Abd Al-hadi Department of Physics, College of Education for Sciences Ibn-AL-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Kareem Ali Jasim Department of Physics, College of Education for Sciences Ibn-AL-Haitham, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30526/37.1.3314

Keywords:

Melting point method, ternary alloy, Electrical measurements, numerical analysis energy density of the extended states and cadmium concentration

Abstract

Five samples of the ternary alloy Ge-S-Cd were created using the melting point method, and the effects of partially substituting cadmium for germanium were determined. and partial substitution of germanium by cadmium was used to study the change in electrical conductivity. Electrical experiments were performed on Ge_35-xS₆₅Cd_xternary alloy with x = 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20. It was discovered that the conductivity (σ_dc) rises with rising temperature in all samples under experiment. This confirms that the samples have semiconductor behavior. It has been observed that there are three regions of electrical conductivity in the electrical conductivity curve at low, moderate, and high temperatures. The preexponential elements and effective energies of each of the three conduction regions were calculated for each of the Cadmium values. It was found that all of them were impacted by a rise in the value of cadmium in the ingot. A numerical analysis of the conductivity equation was also performed to calculate the energy of the expanding states' density in local states and at the Fermi level. It has been observed that all of the values of samples change with the rising value of cadmium concentration.

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