Advanced Simulation and Comparative Analysis of Fully Coherent Short-Wavelength Free Electron Lasers Using HGHG and EEHG Techniques

Hanady Amjed  Kamil

doi:10.30526/39.3.4360

Authors

Hanady Amjed Kamil Directorate of Education of First Karkh, Ministry of Education, Baghdad, Iraq https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4485-1475

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30526/39.3.4360

Keywords:

Free-electron laser, Echo-Enabled Harmonic Generation , High-Gain Harmonic Generation, Harmonic Generation, Coherent short-wavelength radiation, Harmonic up-conversion, Energy chirp tolerance

Abstract

The sources of coherent short-wave light formation by external seeding methods in free electron lasers (FELs) are examined in this work. A MATLAB-based computational tool named FELSAP2025 was developed for this reason. This program simulates the dynamics of the electron beam, computes the bunching factor, simulates radiation buildup in the undulator, and checks the sensitivity of the results to variations of beam or machine parameters. The comparison of our results with those of internationally accepted codes GENESIS 1.3 and ELEGANT indicates that the main concentration was on a comparison of two prominent seeding techniques: High-Gain Harmonic Generation (HGHG) and Echo-Enabled Harmonic Generation (EEHG). Our analysis embellished an excellent investigation of spectrum preservation of coherence for each method, efficiency in harmonic generation, and response to imperfections such as energy chirp in the beam. The results indicate that EEHG favors a narrow bandwidth and more harmonic contents and consistently seems to perform better in real situations. For these reasons, EEHG emerges as a viable candidate for the production of highly coherent light in the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-ray range, with applications in ultrafast experiments and detailed spectroscopy.

Author Biography

Hanady Amjed Kamil, Directorate of Education of First Karkh, Ministry of Education, Baghdad, Iraq

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